From: David Polakovic Date: Mon, 2 Nov 2026 08:56:34 +0000 (+0100) Subject: feat: Initial commit, with two scripts. X-Git-Tag: 1.0.0 X-Git-Url: https://git.dpolakovic.space/?a=commitdiff_plain;p=ff2f12 feat: Initial commit, with two scripts. --- 6f644b10b345da360603bc6d81676e8c705c4fe1 diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d645695 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ + + Apache License + Version 2.0, January 2004 + http://www.apache.org/licenses/ + + TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION + + 1. 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Project also includes the "format floppy to IBM format" (ff2ibm) which helps +with buggy floppies. Run that first to repair it and then format it to FAT12. + + +HOW TO RUN: +Navigate to the directory where you downloaded the script and use: + chmod +x ff2f12.sh ff2ibm.sh +This needs to be done only once, before the first run. Then simply use: + ./ff2f12.sh + + +LICENSE: +https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html +see LICENSE.txt + +CONTACT: +email@dpolakovic.space +Fetch my GPG here: https://dpolakovic.space/dpolakovic_pub_key.asc + +RELEASE NOTES: +1.0 - formats everything as it should diff --git a/ff2f12.sh b/ff2f12.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..b74d577 --- /dev/null +++ b/ff2f12.sh @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env bash +# format-floppy.sh — find floppy-sized drives (< 10 MB) and format one to FAT12. +# Works with internal floppies (/dev/fd*) and USB floppy drives (/dev/sd*). +# Requires: util-linux (lsblk, blockdev, wipefs), dosfstools (mkfs.fat, fsck.fat) + +set -euo pipefail +trap 'echo "Error: step failed at line $LINENO: $BASH_COMMAND" >&2' ERR + +LABEL="FLOPPY" # volume label, max 11 chars +MAX_BYTES=$((10 * 1024 * 1024)) # 10 MB threshold + +# ask for root +if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then + exec sudo -- "$0" "$@" +fi + +for tool in lsblk blockdev wipefs mkfs.fat fsck.fat; do + command -v "$tool" >/dev/null || { echo "Missing tool: $tool (install util-linux / dosfstools)"; exit 1; } +done + +# make internal floppy drives visible +modprobe floppy 2>/dev/null || true + +# find external floppy drives (assumes size > 0 & < 10 MB) +mapfile -t DRIVES < <( + lsblk -dnbo NAME,SIZE,TYPE | awk -v max="$MAX_BYTES" \ + '$3 == "disk" && $2 > 0 && $2 < max { print $1 }' +) + +if [[ ${#DRIVES[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then + echo "No drives smaller than 10 MB found. Is a disk inserted?" + exit 1 +fi + +# turn "sdb" into "sd(b)" and "fd0" into "fd(0)" +pretty() { + if [[ $1 =~ ^(sd|fd)(.+)$ ]]; then + echo "${BASH_REMATCH[1]}(${BASH_REMATCH[2]})" + else + echo "$1" + fi +} + + + +# prompt +if [[ ${#DRIVES[@]} -eq 1 ]]; then + DEV="${DRIVES[0]}" + lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,TRAN,MODEL,MOUNTPOINTS "/dev/$DEV" + echo + read -rp "/dev/$DEV will be formatted to FAT12. Press ENTER to confirm." +else + lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,TRAN,MODEL,MOUNTPOINTS $(printf '/dev/%s ' "${DRIVES[@]}") + echo + choices="" + for d in "${DRIVES[@]}"; do choices+="$(pretty "$d") "; done + + DEV="" + while [[ -z $DEV ]]; do + read -rp "Pick ${choices}and confirm with ENTER: " pick + for d in "${DRIVES[@]}"; do + # Accept the suffix ("b", "0") or the full name ("sdb", "fd0") + if [[ $pick == "$d" || "sd$pick" == "$d" || "fd$pick" == "$d" ]]; then + DEV="$d" + fi + done + [[ -z $DEV ]] && echo "Not a valid choice, try again or abort." + done +fi + +TARGET="/dev/$DEV" +SIZE=$(lsblk -dnbo SIZE "$TARGET") + + +# the meat +echo "Unmounting $TARGET..." +lsblk -lnpo NAME "$TARGET" | while read -r p; do umount "$p" 2>/dev/null || true; done + +# USB floppy drives often report "write protected" right after insertion +# (disk still spinning up) and the kernel caches that. Clear the user flag, +# then make the kernel ask the drive again, retrying a few times. +if [[ $(blockdev --getro "$TARGET") == 1 ]]; then + echo "Kernel has $TARGET marked read-only, asking the drive again..." + for attempt in 1 2 3 4 5; do + blockdev --setrw "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null || true + if [[ -w /sys/block/$DEV/device/rescan ]]; then + echo 1 > "/sys/block/$DEV/device/rescan" || true # re-read write-protect status + fi + blockdev --rereadpt "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null || true + udevadm settle 2>/dev/null || true + sleep 2 + [[ $(blockdev --getro "$TARGET") == 0 ]] && break + echo " still read-only (attempt $attempt/5)" + done + if [[ $(blockdev --getro "$TARGET") == 1 ]]; then + echo "Could not make $TARGET writable. Kernel messages about it:" + dmesg 2>/dev/null | grep -i "$DEV" | grep -iE "protect|ro" | tail -n 5 || true + exit 1 + fi + echo "$TARGET is writable now." +fi + +echo "Wiping old signatures..." +wipefs -aq "$TARGET" + +echo "Creating FAT12 filesystem on $TARGET..." +if [[ $DEV == fd* ]]; then + mkfs.fat -F 12 -n "$LABEL" "$TARGET" +else + # floppy geometry explicit + case $SIZE in + 1474560) GEOM=(-M 0xF0 -r 224 -s 1 -S 512) ;; # 1.44 MB 3.5" HD + 1228800) GEOM=(-M 0xF9 -r 224 -s 1 -S 512) ;; # 1.2 MB 5.25" HD + 737280) GEOM=(-M 0xF9 -r 112 -s 2 -S 512) ;; # 720 KB 3.5" DD + *) GEOM=() ; echo "Unusual size ($SIZE bytes), using mkfs.fat defaults." ;; + esac + mkfs.fat -F 12 -I "${GEOM[@]}" -n "$LABEL" "$TARGET" +fi + +sync + +echo "Verifying..." +if fsck.fat -n "$TARGET" >/dev/null; then + echo "Done: $TARGET is formatted as FAT12 (label $LABEL). Safe to eject." +else + echo "Formatting finished, but verification reported problems. The floppy may be damaged." + exit 1 +fi diff --git a/ff2ibm.sh b/ff2ibm.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..216c918 --- /dev/null +++ b/ff2ibm.sh @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env bash +# ff2ibm.sh — low-level format a floppy in standard IBM PC (MFM) format. +# Sister script of ff2f12.sh: this lays down tracks and sectors only, +# ff2f12.sh then creates the FAT12 filesystem on top. +# Works with internal floppies (/dev/fd*, via fdformat) and +# USB floppy drives (/dev/sd*, via ufiformat from the AUR). +# Requires: util-linux (lsblk, blockdev, fdformat), ufiformat (USB only) + +set -euo pipefail +trap 'echo "Error: step failed at line $LINENO: $BASH_COMMAND" >&2' ERR + +MAX_BYTES=$((10 * 1024 * 1024)) # 10 MB threshold +SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)" + +# ask for root +if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then + exec sudo -- "$0" "$@" +fi + +for tool in lsblk blockdev; do + command -v "$tool" >/dev/null || { echo "Missing tool: $tool (install util-linux)"; exit 1; } +done + +# make internal floppy drives visible, and enable SCSI pass-through for ufiformat +modprobe floppy 2>/dev/null || true +modprobe sg 2>/dev/null || true + +# find drives: small disks with media (size > 0 & < 10 MB) plus USB floppy +# drives that ufiformat recognises (catches unformatted disks reporting size 0) +mapfile -t DRIVES < <( + { + lsblk -dnbo NAME,SIZE,TYPE | awk -v max="$MAX_BYTES" \ + '$3 == "disk" && $2 > 0 && $2 < max { print $1 }' + if command -v ufiformat >/dev/null; then + ufiformat -i 2>/dev/null | awk '$1 ~ /^\/dev\/sd/ { sub("/dev/", "", $1); print $1 }' + fi + } | sort -u +) + +if [[ ${#DRIVES[@]} -eq 0 ]]; then + echo "No floppy drives found. Is a disk inserted?" + exit 1 +fi + +# turn "sdb" into "sd(b)" and "fd0" into "fd(0)" +pretty() { + if [[ $1 =~ ^(sd|fd)(.+)$ ]]; then + echo "${BASH_REMATCH[1]}(${BASH_REMATCH[2]})" + else + echo "$1" + fi +} + + + +# prompt +if [[ ${#DRIVES[@]} -eq 1 ]]; then + DEV="${DRIVES[0]}" + lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,TRAN,MODEL,MOUNTPOINTS "/dev/$DEV" + echo + read -rp "/dev/$DEV will be low-level formatted (IBM format). ALL DATA WILL BE LOST. Press ENTER to confirm." +else + lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,TRAN,MODEL,MOUNTPOINTS $(printf '/dev/%s ' "${DRIVES[@]}") + echo + choices="" + for d in "${DRIVES[@]}"; do choices+="$(pretty "$d") "; done + + DEV="" + while [[ -z $DEV ]]; do + read -rp "Pick ${choices}and confirm with ENTER: " pick + for d in "${DRIVES[@]}"; do + # Accept the suffix ("b", "0") or the full name ("sdb", "fd0") + if [[ $pick == "$d" || "sd$pick" == "$d" || "fd$pick" == "$d" ]]; then + DEV="$d" + fi + done + [[ -z $DEV ]] && echo "Not a valid choice, try again or abort." + done +fi + +TARGET="/dev/$DEV" +SIZE=$(lsblk -dnbo SIZE "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null || echo 0) + +# pick capacity from the current disk, or ask (unformatted disks report no size) +case $SIZE in + 1474560) CAP=1440 ;; + 1228800) CAP=1200 ;; + 737280) CAP=720 ;; + *) + read -rp "Can't tell the disk type. Capacity in KB [1440/1200/720] (ENTER = 1440): " CAP + CAP=${CAP:-1440} + ;; +esac +[[ $CAP =~ ^(1440|1200|720)$ ]] || { echo "Unsupported capacity: $CAP"; exit 1; } + + +# the meat +echo "Unmounting $TARGET..." +lsblk -lnpo NAME "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null | while read -r p; do umount "$p" 2>/dev/null || true; done + +# USB floppy drives often report "write protected" right after insertion +# (disk still spinning up) and the kernel caches that. Clear the user flag, +# then make the kernel ask the drive again, retrying a few times. +if [[ $(blockdev --getro "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null || echo 0) == 1 ]]; then + echo "Kernel has $TARGET marked read-only, asking the drive again..." + for attempt in 1 2 3 4 5; do + blockdev --setrw "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null || true + if [[ -w /sys/block/$DEV/device/rescan ]]; then + echo 1 > "/sys/block/$DEV/device/rescan" || true # re-read write-protect status + fi + blockdev --rereadpt "$TARGET" 2>/dev/null || true + udevadm settle 2>/dev/null || true + sleep 2 + [[ $(blockdev --getro "$TARGET") == 0 ]] && break + echo " still read-only (attempt $attempt/5)" + done + if [[ $(blockdev --getro "$TARGET") == 1 ]]; then + echo "Could not make $TARGET writable. Kernel messages about it:" + dmesg 2>/dev/null | grep -i "$DEV" | grep -iE "protect|ro" | tail -n 5 || true + exit 1 + fi + echo "$TARGET is writable now." +fi + +echo "Low-level formatting $TARGET as IBM ${CAP} KB (this takes a minute or two)..." +if [[ $DEV =~ ^fd([0-9]+)$ ]]; then + command -v fdformat >/dev/null || { echo "Missing tool: fdformat (install util-linux)"; exit 1; } + DRIVE=${BASH_REMATCH[1]} + # fdformat needs a device node with fixed geometry, e.g. /dev/fd0u1440. + # Modern udev doesn't create these, so make one if missing. + # Minor number = format type * 4 + drive number (floppy major is 2). + case $CAP in + 1440) NODE="/dev/fd${DRIVE}u1440"; TYPE=7 ;; + 1200) NODE="/dev/fd${DRIVE}h1200"; TYPE=2 ;; + 720) NODE="/dev/fd${DRIVE}u720"; TYPE=4 ;; + esac + if [[ ! -b $NODE ]]; then + mknod "$NODE" b 2 $((TYPE * 4 + DRIVE)) + CREATED_NODE=1 + fi + fdformat "$NODE" # verifies after formatting by default + [[ ${CREATED_NODE:-0} == 1 ]] && rm -f "$NODE" +else + command -v ufiformat >/dev/null || { echo "Missing tool: ufiformat (install from the AUR, e.g. yay -S ufiformat)"; exit 1; } + ufiformat -f "$CAP" -V "$TARGET" # -V verifies after formatting +fi + +sync + +echo "Done: $TARGET is low-level formatted (IBM ${CAP} KB). It has no filesystem yet."